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The National Portrait Gallery acknowledges the Traditional Custodians of Country throughout Australia and recognises the continuing connection to lands, waters and communities. We pay our respect to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultures and to Elders both past and present.

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander viewers are warned that this website contains images of deceased persons.

The Gallery’s Acknowledgement of Country, and information on culturally sensitive and restricted content and the use of historic language in the collection can be found here.

(James Smith / Joshua Smith) Chain of being

2023-2024
Emily Hunt

from the series ‘Chain of Being’
etching on paper, edition AP (plate: 44.5 cm x 34.5 cm, sheet: 60.4 cm x 48.5 cm)

Berlin-based Australian artist Emily Hunt creates intricately layered works that draw on folklore, magic, the occult and art history to explore the ways in which belief systems shape our understanding of the world. Working across diverse mediums including printmaking, sculpture, installation and performance, she combines historical research with imaginative storytelling. In the series Chain of Being, Hunt reimagines influential Australian historical figures associated with spiritualism and esoteric thought through richly symbolic portraits.

(James Smith / Joshua Smith) Chain of being depicts 19th-century art critic James Smith (1820–1910) within a dreamlike map of Sydney. Hunt presents Smith as a figure of paradox – once an influential and deeply conservative journalist, critic, intellectual and public speaker, his later obsession with spiritualism complicated his public identity. In the portrait Smith leans on a tower of books that signify his writing in publications such as The Argus and The Harbinger of Light. A reference to William Dobell’s painting Joshua Smith looms above Sydney’s Sirius building, evoking the historic legal case that divided the Australian art world when the portrait, which some considered to be a caricature, won the Archibald Prize in 1943. Hunt describes the work as an exploration of ‘hope and disappointment associated with esoteric beliefs or creative dreams’.

Purchased 2024
© Emily Hunt

The National Portrait Gallery respects the artistic and intellectual property rights of others. Works of art from the collection are reproduced as per the Australian Copyright Act 1968 (Cth). The use of images of works from the collection may be restricted under the Act. Requests for a reproduction of a work of art can be made through a Reproduction request. For further information please contact NPG Copyright.

Artist and subject

Emily Hunt (age 42 in 2023)

James Smith

Joshua Smith

© National Portrait Gallery 2026
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The National Portrait Gallery acknowledges the Traditional Custodians of Country throughout Australia and recognises the continuing connection to lands, waters and communities. We pay our respect to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultures and to Elders past and present. We respectfully advise that this site includes works by, images of, names of, voices of and references to deceased people.

This website comprises and contains copyrighted materials and works. Copyright in all materials and/or works comprising or contained within this website remains with the National Portrait Gallery and other copyright owners as specified.

The National Portrait Gallery respects the artistic and intellectual property rights of others. The use of images of works of art reproduced on this website and all other content may be restricted under the Australian Copyright Act 1968 (Cth). Requests for a reproduction of a work of art or other content can be made through a Reproduction request. For further information please contact NPG Copyright.

The National Portrait Gallery is an Australian Government Agency